Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41398035›Full record

ArticleNPJ digital medicine2025

App-based prevention of preschooler unintentional injury in rural China: a cluster randomized controlled trial.

Jieyi He, Min Zhao, Jie Li, David C Schwebel, Yanhong Fu, Wanhui Wang, Weiqiang Li, Hao Huang, Shuying Zhao, Ruisha Peng and 2 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Jieyi HeClinical Trials Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China.
Min ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Jie LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
David C SchwebelDepartment of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
Yanhong FuDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Wanhui WangDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Weiqiang LiDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Hao HuangDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Shuying ZhaoDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Ruisha PengDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China.
Peishan NingDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China. ningpeishan@csu.edu.cn.
Guoqing HuDepartment of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China. huguoqing009@gmail.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The effectiveness of mHealth interventions to reduce child unintentional injuries in resource-limited areas like rural areas remains poorly understood. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a theory-driven and culturally-adapted app intervention to reduce unintentional injury incidence among rural preschoolers. A 12-month single-blinded cluster randomized controlled trial (Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR2000037606, registered on August 29, 2020) was conducted among 3836 preschoolers and their caregivers from 24 preschools in rural China. Participating preschools were randomly allocated using a 1:1 ratio to the intervention or control group to receive app-based education including or excluding child injury prevention. Primary outcome was the 12-month preschooler unintentional injury incidence. Secondary outcomes included caregiver's safety-related attitudes, supervision behaviors, and home environment scores. Of the 3836 enrolled participants, 3338 (87.0%) completed the study. Results demonstrated the intervention significantly reduced preschooler unintentional injury incidence (aRR = 0.93, 95% CI: 0.86, 0.98) and improved caregivers' safety-related attitudes (b = 0.51, 95% CI: 0.32, 0.73), supervision behaviors (b = 3.83, 95% CI: 3.15, 4.46), and home environment (b = 3.38, 95% CI: 2.51, 4.16). This trial suggests the app-based intervention effectively enhances child safety among rural preschoolers, and could be disseminated broadly in China and tailored to other resource-limited settings.

Identifiers

PMID41398035
PMCPMC12706037

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.