Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41397414›Full record

ReviewChild: care, health and development2026

Screen Use and Child and Adolescent Health in Canada: Triangulation of Evidence Assessing the State of the Effort.

Mark S Tremblay, Leigh M Vanderloo, Travis J Saunders, Sheri Madigan, Nicholas Kuzik, Laura Heather, Nathan D Zhang, Madelyn Curle, Amanda Helleman, Gary S Goldfield and 4 more

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Child: care, health and development, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Mark S TremblayChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Leigh M VanderlooChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Travis J SaundersDepartment of Applied Human Sciences, Charlottetown, Prince Edward Island, Canada.
Sheri MadiganDepartment of Psychology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Nicholas KuzikChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Laura HeatherResearch & Evaluation, ParticipACTION, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Nathan D ZhangChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Madelyn CurleFaculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-1087-3549
Amanda HellemanChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Gary S GoldfieldChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Alyssa HallChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Kathleen PajerChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Michelle PontiDepartment of Paediatrics, Western University, and Child and Parent Resource Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.
Valerie CarsonChildren's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3009-3282

Funding

Healthy Active Living and Obesity Research Group, CHEO Research InstituteParticipACTIONPrecision Child and Youth Mental Health Initiative, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundExcessive screen use in children and adolescents is an increasingly prevalent, pervasive and pressing public health issue in Canada. This project investigated the 'state of the effort' in relation to screen use and healthy development in children and adolescents in Canada.

methodsFive investigations were employed to identify, describe, interpret and triangulate the current evidence, including a national opinion survey, environmental scan, school board policy scan, network analysis and text mining analysis of Canadian news headlines.

resultsScreen use and healthy child development is an important issue for Canadian parents (n = 385), and they believe schools (79%), governments (73%) and technology companies (71%) have a responsibility to promote safe use. Most policy documents found were relatively recent (2023+) with both provincial (e.g., educational settings with a focus on personal digital devices) and national scope (e.g., protecting children regarding online programming, content and privacy). Of the 38 largest school boards in Canada, 84% ban or restrict students' unnecessary use of mobile devices during classroom/instructional time and 42% block or restrict access to social media platforms. Linked network analysis clusters included health, research, advocacy, law, policy, education, environment and physical activity, with most partnerships being weak, indicating a suboptimal connection among these sectors. Dramatic increases in related media headlines were found in 2024 (n = 1061) compared with 2023 (n = 400), and most lexicon sentiments were negative.

conclusionConcerns over excessive and inappropriate digital screen use among Canadian children and adolescents have escalated recently. This work highlights that while there is much recent activity across sectors occurring in Canada, policy is lacking, and efforts lack coordination, cross-sectoral collaboration, and synergy, likely resulting in suboptimal impact.

Indexed as

Adolescent HealthChild HealthScreen TimeAdolescentCanadaChildChild DevelopmentFemaleHealth PolicyHumansMaleSchoolsadvocacydigital media useleadershipscreen usesocial media

Identifiers

PMID41397414
PMCPMC12705222

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.