ArticlePlastic and reconstructive surgery2026
Human Implementation of Upper Extremity Amputation Incorporating Agonist-Antagonist Myoneural Interface Construction.
Article in Plastic and reconstructive surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThe agonist-antagonist myoneural interface (AMI) is a mechanoneural construct in which naturally opposed innervated muscles are surgically linked to recapitulate the neural feedback loops present in intact human anatomy. Previous studies that included AMI construction in lower extremity amputation have demonstrated multiple benefits over standard methods of lower limb amputation. The authors present their experience with modified surgical approaches to upper extremity transradial amputation (TRA) and transhumeral amputation (THA) that incorporate AMI constructs.
methodsModified upper extremity amputation procedures were performed in a patient cohort at Brigham & Women's Hospital or Walter Reed National Military Medical Center. Prospectively collected outcomes included clinical, functional, and sensorial measures. The results were tabulated and analyzed.
resultsSeven modified upper extremity amputations were performed: 5 TRAs (71%) and 2 THAs (29%). All patients had trauma-related amputations, and the majority of patients were men (6 [86%]), with a median age at amputation of 42.0 ± 19.5 years. The median operative time was 399 ± 23 minutes for TRA and 670 ± 85 minutes for THA. At the 12-month postoperative encounter, patients had preserved nearly all of their residual limb volume, retaining a median of 97% of their preoperative limb size (±5%). The reconstructed muscle units demonstrated a median excursion of 6 mm (±1 mm). Antagonist muscle strain and agonist muscle activation were strongly correlated. Eighty-three percent of patients reported resolution of preoperative limb pain and experienced functional phantom limb perception.
conclusionThe incorporation of AMI construction into upper extremity amputation procedures may provide benefits similar to those observed in patients with lower extremity amputations who have undergone equivalent AMI interventions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.