Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41396237›Full record

ArticleHealth care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy2026

The High Cost of American Health Care: Understanding the Deeper Roots of the Crisis.

Cyril F Chang, David M Mirvis, Asos Mahmood

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Health care analysis : HCA : journal of health philosophy and policy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Reintegrating the Human in Health: A Triadic Blueprint for Whole-Person Care in the Age of AI.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Cyril F ChangProfessor Emeritus of Economics, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0003-1395-9915
David M MirvisProfessor Emeritus of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
Asos MahmoodCenter for Health System Improvement, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA. amahmoo5@uthsc.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2680-9110

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The recent tragic death of UnitedHealthcare CEO Brian Thompson has renewed public scrutiny of the US health care system and reignited debate over why Americans face disproportionately high health care costs. This essay examines both the widely recognized drivers of excessive costs and the deeper systemic issues that often remain unaddressed yet continue to sustain the crisis. It highlights two critical challenges: the need to target structural barriers and misaligned economic incentives in order to design sustainable reforms, and the persistent political polarization that impedes long-term, meaningful change. The paper concludes by outlining short-term strategies that can generate immediate improvements while laying the foundation for comprehensive and enduring reform.

Indexed as

Delivery of Health CareHealth Care CostsHealth Care ReformHumansPoliticsUnited StatesBaumol effectFee-for-serviceHealth care costsPrice transparencyValue-based payments

Identifiers

PMID41396237
PMCPMC12920308

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.