Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41395945›Full record

ArticlemSphere2026

Correlation versus causation:

Marina R Wylie, Jeremy J Gilbreath, Angela Melton-Celsa, D Scott Merrell

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in mSphere, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Characterization ofJournal of bacteriology · 2026
    Article
  3. Beyond Antibiotics: Alternative Strategies TargetingExpert reviews in molecular medicine · 2026
    Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Marina R WylieDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0869-9413
Jeremy J GilbreathDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
Angela Melton-CelsaDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3653-662X
D Scott MerrellDepartment of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7095-5177

Funding

Contribution of Helicobacter pylori HomA and HomB to colonization and diseaseR21AI156357 · NIAID · HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED · PI MELTON-CELSA, ANGELA · 2021 to 2022
$419k
NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI156357
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

IMPORTANCE:

Indexed as

BiofilmsGenetic HeterogeneityHelicobacter pyloriMutationBacterial ProteinsHelicobacter InfectionsHumansPhenotypeBacterial ProteinsbiofilmheterogeneityH. pylorimotilitysabA

Identifiers

PMID41395945
PMCPMC12838425

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.