Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41395632›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare2025

Glycaemic control and its related factors among people with type 2 diabetes in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Bodrun Naher Siddiquea, Dianna J Magliano, Hasina Akhter Chowdhury, Mohammad Rocky Khan Chowdhury, Afsana Afroz, Sonali S Shah, Baki Billah

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In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in clinical diabetes and healthcare, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Bodrun Naher SiddiqueaDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Dianna J MaglianoDiabetes and Population Health, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Hasina Akhter ChowdhuryDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Mohammad Rocky Khan ChowdhuryDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Afsana AfrozObstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences, The University of, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Sonali S ShahDepartment of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Baki BillahDepartment of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of inadequate glycaemic control and identify factors associated with it among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) living in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the Medline, Embase, CINAHL, PsychINFO, and Global Health databases for articles published between 1 January 2001 and 15 April 2025. Information was descriptively summarised following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses guidelines. The quality of the articles was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects model was used to obtain the pooled proportion of inadequate glycaemic control. Heterogeneity (I Results: Among 12,985 records, 62 studies from 28 countries involving 176,349 participants were reviewed. The estimated pooled proportion of inadequate glycaemic control (glycosylated haemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥7%) was 69% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 66%-72%, p <0.001, I Conclusion: More than two-thirds of people with T2DM in LMICs have inadequate glycaemic control. Urgent interventions are needed, focusing on sociodemographic, lifestyle, and treatment-related factors. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD: 42023390577.

Indexed as

factorsglycaemic controllow- and middle-income countriesmeta-analysisprevalencesystematic reviewtype 2 diabetes mellitus

Identifiers

PMID41395632
PMCPMC12695616

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.