ArticleJCPP advances2025
Sex differences in self-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in clinical and population-based cohorts.
Article in JCPP advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Sex Differences in Adult ADHD: A Multidimensional Multi-Informant Observational Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Intersecting trajectories of childhood ADHD, socioeconomic deprivation and distinct multimorbidity patterns in women.Nature. Mental health · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota profiles and potential biomarkers in pre-pubertal females with ADHD.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Shining a spotlight on females in ADHD science.JCPP advances · 2025Article
- Sex differences in self-reported attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms in clinical and population-based cohorts.JCPP advances · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Although the childhood prevalence of ADHD is higher in males than in females, some studies suggest that females report more severe impairment related to ADHD symptoms than males. The reason for this gender paradox is poorly understood. Here we explored sex differences in self-reported ADHD symptoms among adolescents and adults with and without an ADHD diagnosis across clinical and population-based Norwegian cohorts. Methods: We analysed population-based data from the Norwegian Mother, Father, and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) ( Results: Participants with ADHD reported higher ASRS-6 scores than those without ADHD across all three cohorts. The ASRS-6 scores were highest in the youngest participants, particularly in females from the y@h cohort. The difference in ASRS-6 scores between those with and without an ADHD diagnosis was larger among females than males within all cohorts, at a statistically significant level both in y@h and ANA (MoBa: ∆females: Conclusions: In both population-based and clinical cohorts, representing different age groups and study designs, we found a larger mean difference in reported ADHD symptoms between adolescents and adults with and without ADHD among females than males, suggesting barriers for females related to referral, assessment, and/or diagnosis of ADHD.
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