ArticleFrontiers in immunology2025
Flow cytometric analysis of the immune cell subsets in adult hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Epstein-Barr virus-driven immunosuppression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a comprehensive review of viral mechanisms, spatial tumor ecosystems, and precision therapeutics.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Pooled it
- Case Report: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis in an infant associated with cytomegalovirus infection and X-linked primary immunodeficiency.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
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Abstract
Purpose: Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a hyperinflammatory syndrome characterized by the dysfunction of cytotoxic T cells (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. The status of these immune cells during persistent inflammation remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the immune cell subsets, the exhaustion and activation status, and the cytotoxic functions of the CTLs and NK cells in adult HLH. Furthermore, the features of immune cells in patients with Epstein-Barr virus-associated HLH (EBV-HLH) before and after treatment with programmed death-1 (PD-1) inhibitors were also analyzed. Methods: Flow cytometry was utilized to evaluate the immune cell features in 75 patients with adult HLH. Results: This study observed skewed immune cell subsets, along with substantial exhaustion and activation in patients with adult HLH. Significant decreases were noted in NK, natural killer T (NKT), regulatory T cells (Tregs), CD4 Conclusion: These findings suggest impairments in cytotoxic immune cells along with a widespread immune exhaustion and an aberrant activation in adult HLH. The results also indicate potential differentiation defects in CD8
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