Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41394540›Full record

ArticleFood science & nutrition2025

Green Synthesis of Ag/AgCl Nanoparticles From Argan Oil Waste: Characterization, Antibacterial, and Cytotoxicity Activities.

Asma El Kaourat, Hicham El Mouahid, Noura Bentarhlia, Badr Eddine Kartah, Yassine Jaouhari, Asmaa Oubihi, Aicha Guessous, Matteo Bordiga, Hanae El Monfalouti

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Food science & nutrition, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Cytotoxic Triterpenes from Argan Pulp (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Asma El KaouratLaboratory of Plant Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco.
Hicham El MouahidLaboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco.
Noura BentarhliaLaboratory of Plant Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco.
Badr Eddine KartahLaboratory of Plant Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco.
Yassine JaouhariLaboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University Kénitra Morocco.
Asmaa OubihiLaboratory of Natural Resources and Sustainable Development, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science Ibn Tofail University Kénitra Morocco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1681-8002
Aicha GuessousLaboratory of Materials, Nanotechnology and Environment, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco.
Matteo BordigaDepartment of Pharmaceutical Science Università Degli Studi del Piemonte Orientale "A. Avogadro" Novara Italy.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6587-9843
Hanae El MonfaloutiLaboratory of Plant Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Synthesis, Faculty of Sciences Mohammed V University in Rabat Rabat Morocco.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5192-9034

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Green synthesis of metal nanoparticles (NPs) from biological sources provides a sustainable and biocompatible approach with diverse applications in biomedicine, catalysis, and environmental remediation. In this study, silver/silver chloride nanoparticles (Ag/AgCl-NPs) were synthesized using saponins extracted from argan press cake. The nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible spectrophotometry, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The initial indication of nanoparticle formation was a yellow coloration, with a distinct absorption band observed between 400 and 450 nm in the UV-visible spectrum. TEM analysis revealed that the nanoparticles were spherical, with an average diameter of 12.3 ± 7.6 nm. The antibacterial and cytotoxic properties of the Ag/AgCl-NPs were also evaluated. Antibacterial activity was assessed against Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria using disk diffusion, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) assays. In vitro cytotoxicity was tested against MDA-MB-468, MCF-7, and HeLa cancer cell lines. The results demonstrated that the biosynthesized Ag/AgCl-NPs exhibited strong antibacterial activity and moderate cytotoxic effects, indicating their potential for biomedical applications.

Indexed as

Ag/AgCl‐NPsantibacterialargan press cakecytotoxicitysaponin extract

Identifiers

PMID41394540
PMCPMC12699376

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.