ArticleFrontiers in plant science2025
Genome-wide association study and fine-mapping identify a major quantitative trait locus controlling hundred-seed weight in soybean.
Article in Frontiers in plant science, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Hundred-seed weight (HSW) is a critical yield component in soybean that directly influences productivity and seed quality. Despite its agronomic importance, the genetic architecture underlying natural variation in seed weight remains incompletely understood. Methods: We conducted a comprehensive genome-wide association study (GWAS) using 554 globally diverse soybean accessions, comprising 453 Chinese varieties (81.8%) and 101 international accessions (18.2%) from 15 countries. Accessions were evaluated across three consecutive years (2022-2024) and genotyped with 78,050 high-quality single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). Results: Mixed linear model (MLM) analysis revealed a major QTL on Chr.20 that consistently explained the largest proportion of phenotypic variation across all environments. This QTL demonstrated exceptional temporal stability, maintaining genome-wide significance with peak -log Conclusions: The environmentally stable Chr. 20 QTL provides immediate opportunities for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in soybean breeding programs. Genomic prediction modeling suggests 35% greater genetic gain compared to phenotypic selection alone, supporting broad applicability for global soybean improvement programs.
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