ArticleDermatology research and practice2025
Thymoquinone Inhibits Proliferation and Induces Apoptosis in Immortalized Keratinocytes via Upregulation of p53 Expression.
Article in Dermatology research and practice, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Psoriasis, as a common inflammatory skin disease, is characterized by hyperproliferation of epidermal keratinocytes and induction of an inflammatory response. Apoptosis induction and prevention of the proliferation of keratinocytes can help to treat and manage this disease. Thymoquinone (TQ), a bioactive compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, has also been reported as a natural antitumor agent. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of TQ on proliferation and apoptosis in human keratinocyte cells (HaCaT). Methods: HaCaT cells were treated with increasing concentrations of TQ (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 16, 32, and 64 μg/mL), and cell viability was assessed using the MTT assay. Apoptosis was analyzed via flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC/PI staining. Expression levels of p53, Bax, and BCL-xl genes were measured by real-time PCR. Results: TQ significantly reduced cell viability in a dose-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 11.64 μg/mL after 72 h. Flow cytometry revealed a marked increase in early apoptotic cells following treatment with 8 μg/mL TQ (41.00% ± 5.04%) compared to control (17.8% ± 2.26%, Conclusion: TQ induces apoptosis in human HaCaT cells primarily through p53-dependent pathways, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic agent for skin-related disorders.
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