Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41392415›Full record

ArticleJournal of intellectual disability research : JIDR2026

Knowledge and Understanding of Menstrual Health in Women With Intellectual Disabilities: A Brief Report.

Laura St John, Samantha Beckman, Abby Robertson, Patricia Doyle-Baker, Yona Lunsky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of intellectual disability research : JIDR, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Personal Menstrual Health Knowledge in Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities.Journal of applied research in intellectual disabilities : JARID · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Laura St JohnFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-5066-2668
Samantha BeckmanFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Abby RobertsonFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Patricia Doyle-BakerFaculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Yona LunskyAzrieli Adult Neurodevelopmental Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-1866-9728

Funding

University of Calgary - Start Something Fund
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWomen with intellectual disabilities (ID) often lack effective education and support surrounding menstrual health. This can directly impact self-care, participation and regular engagement in sport and more generally, health and wellbeing.

methodsTwenty-two athletes from the Special Olympics were surveyed to assess knowledge and understanding of menstrual health. Responses were analyzed descriptively to identify their gaps in knowledge and understanding.

resultsMany participants had misconceptions about menstrual hygiene, with most incorrectly estimating how frequently sanitary products should be changed. Few participants used tampons, which likely impacted their menstrual management, especially during sport activities. Additionally, knowledge about menopause was notably low, with no significant difference between age groups.

conclusionsThis study highlights a critical need for targeted education and resources to improve menstrual health knowledge among women Special Olympic athletes with ID. Addressing these gaps can enhance their independence, quality of life and sport participation. Further research and interventions are necessary to better support this population in managing their menstrual health effectively.

Indexed as

AthletesHealth Knowledge, Attitudes, PracticeIntellectual DisabilityMenstruationAdolescentAdultFemaleHumansMiddle AgedYoung Adultintellectual disabilities (ID)menopausemenstrual healthSpecial Olympics

Identifiers

PMID41392415
PMCPMC12703054

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.