ArticleNature communications2025
Five-year clinical outcome and immune biomarkers of durable response from the MM1636 trial on IDO/PD-L1 vaccination and PD-1 blockade in first line metastatic melanoma.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03047928 (Combination Therapy With Nivolumab and PD-L1/IDO Peptide Vaccine to Patients With Metastatic Melanoma), which is not on this map. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Combination Therapy With Nivolumab and PD-L1/IDO Peptide Vaccine to Patients With Metastatic Melanoma
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Immune regulation includes an effector arm: therapeutic implications of phase III IDO/PD-L1 vaccination in melanoma.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Article
- Immune modulatory vaccines targeting tumor microenvironment antigens: recent advances in oncology and beyond.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Review
- Biomarkers for predicting and monitoring the efficacy of cancer vaccines.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Review
- Therapeutic melanoma vaccines: Platforms, neoantigen strategies, and emerging combination immunotherapies.Therapeutic advances in vaccines and immunotherapy · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
We report long-term clinical and immunologic outcomes from the MM1636 trial (NCT03047928), which evaluated a peptide vaccine targeting IDO and PD-L1 in combination with nivolumab in patients with advanced melanoma. At a five-year follow-up, the combination demonstrated durable clinical efficacy, with a 25.5-month median progression-free survival. Serum proteomic profiling identified vaccine-specific immune signatures, with increase in CCL3, CCL4, and TNFα emerging as biomarkers of long progression-free survival. Increase in these markers were not observed in a matched anti-PD-1 monotherapy cohort, suggesting distinct immune modulation by the vaccine. Functional studies confirmed vaccine-induced targeting of myeloid cells and associated increase in these cytokines. These findings provide evidence for durable benefit from immune modulatory vaccination and nominate CCL3, CCL4, and TNFα as candidate biomarkers for response.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.