Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41390155›Full record

ArticleEthnicity & health2026

Race, gender, and childhood adversity: gender-specific prevalence of ACE exposure among Black Americans.

Natasha K Oyedele, Leslie B Adams, Renee M Johnson, Lorraine T Dean

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Article in Ethnicity & health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Natasha K OyedeleDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Leslie B AdamsDepartment of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
Renee M JohnsonDepartment of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lorraine T DeanDepartments of Epidemiology and Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Funding

NIDA Epidemiology Training Program: Johns Hopkins UniversityT32DA007292 · NIDA · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI RENEE M. JOHNSON, Brion S Maher · 1993 to 2026
$17.7M
NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are prevalent and have profound negative health impacts across the life course. This study examined childhood adversity prevalence among US non-Hispanic Black adults, with particular attention to gender specific patterns in cumulative risk, individual ACE types and associated sociodemographic factors.

designWe analyzed data from Black adults aged 18 and older who completed the 2019 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) questionnaire. Childhood adversity indicators were derived from the ACE Module administered in 21 states. Individual ACE exposures were dichotomized, and we calculated prevalence estimates and cumulative risk scores for Black women and Black men separately.

resultsThe analytic sample included 14,685 non-Hispanic Black adults (62% Black women). Over half (54%) reported experiencing at least one ACE, with 19% of Black women and 15% of Black men reporting four or more ACEs - a threshold indicating high risk for toxic stress. Black women experienced significantly higher rates of childhood sexual abuse, while Black men reported more childhood physical abuse than Black women (28% vs 23%,

conclusionsThe observed gender differences in childhood adversity prevalence among Black adults likely reflect distinct social and structural risk factors. These differential ACE patterns suggest that pathways to toxic stress exposure may vary by gender within Black communities. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for developing targeted interventions and addressing the structural determinants that contribute to health inequities in communities disproportionately affected by childhood adversity.

Indexed as

Adverse Childhood ExperiencesBlack or African AmericanAdolescentAdultAgedBehavioral Risk Factor Surveillance SystemFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedPrevalenceRisk FactorsSex FactorsUnited StatesYoung AdultAdverse Childhood ExperiencesBlack adultsGender equalityGood health and well-beinghealth equityNo povertyReduced inequalities

Identifiers

PMID41390155
PMCPMC13332826

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