ArticleMikrochimica acta2025
Smartphone assisted colorimetric detection of luteinizing hormone in 3D-printed remote automated magnetic particle-driven system with microchamber arrays.
Article in Mikrochimica acta, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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Abstract
A 3D-printed customizable MagnetoChip platform is introduced featuring Wi-Fi communication with a smartphone-controlled magnetic particle manipulation system integrated with a single-use capillary-driven microfluidic chip. This platform enables the colorimetric detection of luteinizing hormone (LH), a potential marker in sports doping. The system employs a sandwich immunoassay approach, where gold nanoparticles functionalized with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) enzyme and antibodies are used to capture and detect LH. 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) dye was also used as a colorimetric substrate. Magnetic particles were employed for analyte enrichment, and their movement inside the microfluidic chip was remotely controlled via Raspberry Pi Pico with a stepper motor. Image processing optimizations were performed using ImageJ. The code was then embedded in Python for automation, and the user interface was created with a graphical user interface (GUI). The colorimetric outputs were analyzed using Red-Green-Blue (RGB) analysis, and the results demonstrated a strong correlation with analyte concentration, with a regression coefficient (R²) of 0.9975. The method was validated through ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-vis) measurement of the reaction result, while the sandwich immunoassay complex was confirmed with Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Our developed platform offers a promising, user-friendly tool for rapid and accurate bioanalyte detection, with potential applications in sports doping control, clinical diagnostics, and point-of-care testing.
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