Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41389072›Full record

SynthesisAIDS care2026

Interventions to enhance HIV medication adherence among individuals using substances: a systematic review and critique of the literature.

Chavez R Rodriguez, McKalaih E Legault, Stephen Beegle, Jason T Blackard, Bingfang Yan, Jaime Robertson, Linh Dinh, Kevin T Fedders, Luis A Gomez, Shaina Horner and 2 more

Abstract readSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in AIDS care, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

12 authors.

Chavez R RodriguezDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-1110-5863
McKalaih E LegaultDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
Stephen BeegleDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.
Jason T BlackardDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Bingfang YanJames L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Jaime RobertsonDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Linh DinhJames L. Winkle College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Kevin T FeddersDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Luis A GomezDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-0796-0333
Shaina HornerDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
T Dylanne TwittyDepartment of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, United States.
Jennifer L BrownDepartment of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, United States.ORCID 0000-0002-6683-0053

Funding

Therapeutic and mechanistic significance of altered metabolism of HIV medicines by alcohol- or alcohol/synthetic opioid combinationR01AA030486 · NIAAA · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI JASON T BLACKARD, Jennifer L Brown · 2022 to 2026
$3.5M
Single cell opioid (fentanyl) responses in the context of HIVR01DA063296 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF CINCINNATI · PI JASON T BLACKARD · 2025 to 2026
$1.1M
NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA030486NIDA NIH HHS R01 DA063296
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Medication adherence is essential to achieve sustained viral suppression for individuals living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The use of alcohol and substances may interfere with medication adherence and lead to adverse outcomes. Thus, this review sought to examine the literature on behavioral interventions that improve medication adherence among individuals with HIV who are using alcohol or drugs. Articles were included if they met the following criteria: (a) included individuals diagnosed with HIV (b) were published in English between January 1, 2000 and June 15, 2023, (c) evaluated a behavioral intervention to increase medication adherence, (d) reported at least one medication adherence outcome, (e) were randomized controlled trials or quantitative pre-post designs, and (f) were comprised primarily of individuals using alcohol or drugs. Twenty-two papers representing 20 unique studies were included in the review. Most were undertaken in the United States. Multiple interventions demonstrated efficacy in increasing medication adherence among individuals using alcohol or substances. Interventions with structural intervention components or delivered via text/mHealth also demonstrated relatively consistent efficacy support. Findings were mixed regarding reductions in alcohol and/or substance use, as well as sustaining improvement in medication adherence. Recommendations for future trials include diversifying recruitment methods and examining scalability.

Indexed as

Anti-HIV AgentsHIV InfectionsMedication AdherenceSubstance-Related DisordersHumansRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAnti-HIV Agentsantiretroviral therapyHIVinterventionsmedication adherencesubstance use

Identifiers

PMID41389072
PMCPMC12861337

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.