ArticleScientific reports2025
Integrating chemical modification pathways and machine learning for optimization of nitrate removal by rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) biochar.
Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Nitrate contamination from agricultural and industrial activities poses significant risks to human health and aquatic ecosystems. Biochar, particularly when chemically modified, has emerged as a sustainable and effective adsorbent; however, the influence of modification sequence and operational conditions on nitrate removal is not fully understood. In this study, rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)-derived biochars were modified with aluminum through three distinct pathways: pre-pyrolysis (MP), post-pyrolysis (PM), and post-pyrolysis with re-pyrolysis (PMP). Comprehensive characterization using BET, SEM, EDS, XRD, and FTIR showed that PM biochar exhibited the highest surface area, uniform mesoporous structure, stable aluminum content, and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups, resulting in superior nitrate adsorption. Batch experiments demonstrated that adsorption efficiency is strongly affected by operational parameters, including initial nitrate concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose, solution pH, and the presence of competing anions, with CO₃
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