Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41387968›Full record

ArticleNPJ vaccines2025

Characterization and immunogenicity of nanoparticle vaccines based on Clade 2 and Clade 3 sarbecovirus S2 proteins.

Peter J Halfmann, Raj S Patel, Augustine Duffy, Tong Wang, Atsuhiro Yasuhara, Kayla Carneal, Annika Singh, Carmen Rai, Patrick C Wilson, Yoshihiro Kawaoka and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ vaccines, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Peter J Halfmann *Influenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Raj S Patel *Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Augustine DuffySchool of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Tong WangInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA.
Atsuhiro YasuharaDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Kayla CarnealSchool of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology,, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Annika SinghCollege of Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Carmen RaiWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Patrick C WilsonDrukier Institute for Children's Health, Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Yoshihiro KawaokaInfluenza Research Institute, Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. yoshihiro.kawaoka@wisc.edu.
Ravi S KaneWallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA. ravi.kane@chbe.gatech.edu.

Funding

PanCorVac (Center for Pan-Coronavirus Vaccine Development)P01AI165077 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON · PI KAWAOKA, YOSHIHIRO · 2021 to 2023
$11.6M
T32 Research Training Program in ImmunoEngineeringT32EB021962 · NIBIB · GEORGIA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY · PI JULIA E BABENSEE · 2017 to 2026
$1.9M
National Institutes of Health, United States P01AI165077NIAID NIH HHS P01 AI165077NIBIB NIH HHS T32 EB021962
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 and its subsequent variants in addition to the previous SARS-CoV-1 outbreak indicates the importance of developing broadly protective sarbecovirus vaccines. To date, broadly protective vaccines have primarily focused on clade 1 sarbecoviruses including SARS-CoV-2 variants and SARS-like animal viruses. The discovery of clade 2 and clade 3 sarbecoviruses capable of infecting human cells highlights a need to preemptively develop vaccines that can protect against these viruses. Here, we develop stabilized multivalent subunit vaccines from clade 2 and clade 3 sarbecovirus S2 proteins and evaluate their immunogenicity. Clade 2 and clade 3 S2-subunit vaccines elicit cross-reactive antibodies in mice capable of binding to clade 1, 2, and 3 sarbecovirus antigens. Female mice immunized with these S2-based vaccines also provide protection against sarbecovirus challenges from clades 1a and 1b, including a mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 strain, XBB, and WIV1.

Identifiers

PMID41387968
PMCPMC12808796

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.