ArticleJournal of materials science. Materials in medicine2025
Microporous zirconium-coated titanium surfaces for dental implant application: Surface characterization, bioactivity and effect on the oral biofilm formation.
Article in Journal of materials science. Materials in medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Implantable materials based on titanium have been widely used in medical and dental care due to favorable mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, when compared to ceramics, titanium surfaces are more susceptible to bacterial adhesion and colonization by periodontopathogenic species. Peri-implant infections are the major cause of implant failure and development of implantable materials with surface properties effective in minimizing bacterial colonization is still a challenge. Plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) provides porous ceramic coatings of high durability and stability on titanium. Incorporating metals with antimicrobial effects may contribute to minimizing microorganism adhesion on titanium. This study developed a novel zirconium-coated titanium surface using PEO and compared the composition of oral biofilm with machined or double acid etched surfaces in situ. SEM analysis showed pores and micro-pores, respectively for PEO and zirconium coatings, with surface roughness lower than acid etching while maintaining moderate levels (Ra/Sa: 1.0-2.0 µm). Chemical composition analysis showed predomination of TiO
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