Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41387448›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

Concurrent TB and HIV therapies control TB reactivation during co-infection but not chronic immune activation.

Riti Sharan, Yi Zou, Bindu Singh, Vinay Shivanna, Edward J Dick, Shannan Hall-Ursone, Xi Luo, Guanlin Guo, Shabaana A Khader, Xavier Alvarez and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Riti SharanSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. rsharan@txbiomed.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8297-6634
Yi ZouGreehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Bindu SinghSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Vinay ShivannaSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Edward J DickSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2373-7921
Shannan Hall-UrsoneSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Xi LuoUTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
Guanlin GuoUTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.
Shabaana A KhaderBernard and Betty Roizman Professor and Chair, University of Chicago Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Chicago, IL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9545-4982
Xavier AlvarezSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Jyothi RengarajanEmory Vaccine Center and Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1241-4705
Zhao LaiGreehey Children's Cancer Research Institute, Department of Molecular Medicine, Long School of Medicine, UT Health, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Smriti MehraSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Hulin WuUTHealth Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5809-5407
Deepak KaushalSouthwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX, USA. dkaushal@txbiomed.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3521-1257

Funding

Viral Testing CoreU42OD010442 · OD · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI Deepak Kaushal · 2012 to 2026
$35.6M
Texas Developmental Center for AIDS ResearchP30AI161943 · NIAID · BAYLOR COLLEGE OF MEDICINE · PI GIORDANO, THOMAS P · 2021 to 2025
$8.3M
Interdisciplinary NexGen TB research Advancement Center (IN-TRAC)P30AI168439 · NIAID · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI JOANNE TURNER · 2022 to 2026
$6.9M
Emory/Georgia TB Research Advancement Center (TRAC)P30AI168386 · NIAID · EMORY UNIVERSITY · PI Jeffrey M Collins · 2022 to 2026
$5.8M
Perturbation of antigen-specific T cell responses in latent TB/SIV co-infectionR01AI111943 · NIAID · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI KAUSHAL, DEEPAK, RENGARAJAN, JYOTHI · 2015 to 2019
$3.9M
Impact of concurrent HIV and latent TB therapies on Mtb-specific immune function-Diversity SupplementR01AI123047 · NIAID · TULANE UNIVERSITY OF LOUISIANA · PI KAUSHAL, DEEPAK, RENGARAJAN, JYOTHI · 2017 to 2020
$3.9M
Advancing Cancer Research Through Next Generation Sequencing at Mays Cancer Center of UT Health San AntonioR50CA265339 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Zhao Lai · 2022 to 2026
$957k
Single cell trancriptomics to identify LTBI reactivation markers in TB/HIV co-infectionR21AI170148 · NIAID · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI SHARAN, RITI · 2022 to 2023
$800k
Illumina NovaSeq 6000 Sequencing SystemS10OD030311 · OD · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI LAI, ZHAO · 2021 to 2021
$600k
Characterizing IL-22 driven chronic immune activation in HIV/TB co-pandemicK01OD031898 · OD · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI SHARAN, RITI · 2021 to 2023
$567k
Significant upgrade and expansion of the Southwest National Primate Research Center Pathology UnitS10OD028732 · OD · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI KAUSHAL, DEEPAK · 2020 to 2020
$489k
Dual Beckman Coulter DxH 690T and Beckman Coulter DxH 560 ALS10OD032443 · OD · TEXAS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE · PI TURNER, JOANNE · 2022 to 2022
$86k
Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (Division of Intramural Research of the NIAID) R01AI123047NCI NIH HHS R50 CA265339NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI161943NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI168386NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI168439NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI111943NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI123047NIAID NIH HHS R21 AI170148NIH HHS K01 OD031898NIH HHS S10 OD028732NIH HHS S10 OD030311NIH HHS S10 OD032443NIH HHS U42 OD010442U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) R01AI111943
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Most HIV-negative individuals exposed to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) control infection as latent TB infection (LTBI), but HIV co-infection greatly increases progression to tuberculosis (TB), the leading cause of death in people living with HIV (PLHIV). Although combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) reduces LTBI reactivation, immune control of Mtb is not fully restored, as shown by persistent TB incidence in PLHIV on cART. In macaques, skewed pulmonary effector memory CD4⁺ T-cell (T

Indexed as

Antitubercular AgentsCoinfectionHIV InfectionsLatent TuberculosisAnimalsCD4-Positive T-LymphocytesFemaleHumansIsoniazidLungMacaca mulattaMaleMycobacterium tuberculosisRifampinSimian Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeSimian Immunodeficiency VirusAntitubercular AgentsIsoniazidRifampinrifapentine

Identifiers

PMID41387448
PMCPMC12804781

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.