SynthesisJMIR mental health2025
Effectiveness and User Experience of Immersive Virtual Reality in Cognitive Rehabilitation for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: Systematic Review.
Synthesis in JMIR mental health, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- User Experience of a Virtual Reality-Based Treadmill for Children With a Chronic Disease Affecting Physical Health: Cross-Sectional Feasibility Study.JMIR serious games · 2026Article
- Reimagining paediatric care: technology, trust, and the global movement for child-centred innovation.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Towards precision medicine in Tourette syndrome: a perspective on AI-driven predictive modelling and personalised care.Frontiers in computational neuroscience · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by difficulties in attention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity. These difficulties can result in pervasive and longstanding psychological distress and social, academic, and occupational impairments. Objective: This systematic review aims to investigate the effectiveness and user experience (ie, safety, usability, acceptability, and attrition) outcomes of immersive virtual reality (VR) interventions for cognitive rehabilitation in people with ADHD and identify research gaps and avenues for future research in this domain. Methods: Peer-reviewed journal articles that appraised the treatment impact of any immersive VR-based intervention on cognitive abilities in people of all ages with ADHD were eligible for inclusion. The following databases were searched up until November 2024: Cochrane Library, IEEE Explore Digital Library, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Records were screened on title and abstract information after deduplication, leading to full-text appraisal of the remaining records. Findings from eligible articles were extracted into a standardized coding sheet before being tabulated and reported with a narrative synthesis. Results: Out of 1046 records identified, 15 articles met the inclusion criteria. Immersive VR-based interventions for people with ADHD were generally effective in improving cognitive abilities, such as attention, memory, and executive functioning. User experience outcomes were also generally positive, with low levels of simulator sickness and minimal attrition reported during VR-based treatment. Conclusions: Immersive VR-based interventions hold promise for effectively, safely, and rapidly treating cognitive deficits in children and adults with ADHD. However, more studies are required to examine their longitudinal impact beyond treatment cessation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.