Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41385177›Full record

ArticleActa neurologica Belgica2026

Impact of neutrophil extracellular traps on the mechanical, radiomic, and histological properties of in vitro stroke clots.

Briana A Santo, TaJania D Jenkins, Jay P Shah, Sarah Balghonaim, Alexandria Scotti, Tatsat R Patel, Elad I Levy, Adnan H Siddiqui, John Kolega, Vincent M Tutino

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Article in Acta neurologica Belgica, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Briana A Santo *Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
TaJania D Jenkins *Canon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Jay P ShahCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Sarah BalghonaimCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Alexandria ScottiCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Tatsat R PatelCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Elad I LevyCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Adnan H SiddiquiCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
John KolegaCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA.
Vincent M TutinoCanon Stroke and Vascular Research Center, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA. vincentt@buffalo.edu.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND

objectivesIn stroke thrombi, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) have been hypothesized to promote thrombogenic processes that enhance stability and decrease amenability to thrombolysis and endovascular removal. Here, we examined the relationship between NET enrichment and clot structure and mechanical properties.

methodsPlatelet-rich plasma and red blood cells (RBCs) were isolated from human blood and mixed with concentrated white blood cells to produce no-RBC and high-RBC clot analogs (0% and 40%, respectively). Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was added at 3 different concentrations to enrich clots with varying amounts of NETs. Clots were analyzed mechanically using a uniaxial stretch tester. Clots were also imaged by microCT, and histology was used to investigate biologic structure and composition, as well as NET enrichment. Statistical analysis was completed to assess stiffness, radiomic, and histological features among clots of various NET enrichment. Clustering was performed on radiomic and histological image features to identify feature signatures unique to NET-enriched clots, and correlation was performed to identify radiomics and histomics related to NET enrichment.

resultsLPS enriched clots with NETs in a dose-dependent manner, and NETs were associated with greater microstructural complexity. For fibrin-platelet rich clots (0% RBCs), NET enrichment produced a significant increase in mechanical stiffness as measured by Young's Modulus, as well as in breaking strength. For each percent composition, radiomic and histomic profiling clustered clot analogs well by NET-enrichment, with NET-enriched clots demonstrating radiomic and histological texture feature correlations distinct from clots without NETs.

conclusionNET enrichment produces mechanically stiffer stroke clot analogs with distinct microstructure, radiomic, and histological profiles.

Indexed as

Extracellular TrapsNeutrophilsStrokeThrombosisHumansRadiomicsBloodImmunologyIschemic strokeMechanicsThrombectomyThrombosis

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.