ArticleGraefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie2026
Pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy and macular venous outflow abnormalities: the effects of venous stasis.
Article in Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo evaluate the association between the presence of vortex vein anastomoses (VVAs) at the posterior pole and the integrity of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and ellipsoid zone (EZ) in eyes affected by pachychoroid pigment epitheliopathy (PPE).
methodsThis retrospective case-control study included eyes diagnosed with PPE, divided into two groups based on 30° early-phase indocyanine green angiography (ICGA): the VVA group (eyes showing VVAs at the posterior pole) and the No VVA group (no VVAs detected). Baseline and 1-year follow-up spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans were analyzed to assess RPE and EZ reflectivity. Additional outer retinal features, such as the presence of pigment epithelial detachment (PED), pachydrusen, and outer nuclear layer (ONL) thickness, were also evaluated.
resultsOf the 47 included eyes, 31 (65.9%) were assigned to the VVA group and 16 (34.1%) to the No VVA group. The VVA group showed a significantly higher prevalence of contralateral central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR), pachydrusen (p = 0.028), and multifocal/diffuse choroidal vascular hyperpermeability (CVH) (p = 0.045), while the No VVA group had a higher prevalence of bilateral PPE (p = 0.045). No significant differences were observed in ONL thickness or PED prevalence. At baseline, RPE and EZ reflectivity were significantly lower in the VVA group. Moreover, only the VVA group exhibited a significant reduction in RPE and EZ reflectivity over time.
conclusionsThe presence of VVAs at the posterior pole may represent a risk factor for progressive RPE and EZ degeneration in PPE, and may be associated with the development of CSCR and pachydrusen in these eyes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
41385092What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.