ArticleRadiology. Imaging cancer2026
Fractal Dimension of High-Risk Neuroblastoma Vascularity in MRI Is Associated with Chemotherapy Response and Event-Free Survival.
Article in Radiology. Imaging cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Rethinking the Role of Contrast-enhanced MRI in Pediatric Neuroblastoma: From Image-defined Risk Factors to Intratumoral Heterogeneity.Radiology. Imaging cancer · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Purpose To assess therapeutic and prognostic implications of perfusion characterization by fractal analysis using routine MRI in high-risk primary neuroblastomas and to establish a pathophysiologic connection between vascularity phenotype, perfusion imaging characteristics, and treatment response. Materials and Methods In a retrospective cohort study across 30 centers, MRI data of patients with high-risk neuroblastoma (June 2005-February 2021) were collected at the time point of diagnosis (TP1) and after induction chemotherapy before surgery (TP2), with data split into separate discovery (single-center) and validation cohorts (29 centers). Fractal analysis was performed on contrast-enhanced, fat-saturated, T1-weighted sequences at both time points to obtain voxel-wise local fractal dimension (FD) maps for predicting volumetric tumor response. The association of global FD with event-free survival (EFS) was assessed using a Cox proportional hazards model. Additionally, FD was calculated from CD34-stained endothelium in selected histologic tumor samples. Accuracy of response prediction, prognostic value for EFS, and correlation between FD of immunohistochemical vascularity and MRI-derived perfusion were also evaluated. Results In 73 patients (median age, 3 years [IQR, 3]; 39 male patients; discovery cohort,
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.