ArticleCureus2025
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome Complicated by Severe Neuropsychiatric Symptoms: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.
Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
Hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is a thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, thrombocytopenia, and acute kidney injury (AKI). Adult-onset cases that initially manifest with predominantly neuropsychiatric symptoms are uncommon and may delay diagnosis. We describe the case of a 57-year-old female who developed acute cognitive decline, psychomotor retardation, and tremor following the recent use of a compound chlorzoxazone preparation. Laboratory evaluation revealed thrombocytopenia, hemolysis, and renal impairment, while imaging demonstrated reversible white matter abnormalities. Infectious causes and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) were excluded, and persistently low complement C3 levels supported complement activation. The clinical course and Naranjo probability score suggested a probable association between drug exposure and HUS. The patient improved with comprehensive supportive management, without complement inhibitor therapy. This report highlights the diagnostic challenge of HUS with predominant neuropsychiatric manifestations and underscores the importance of maintaining a high index of suspicion for TMA in patients with unexplained neurological symptoms and concurrent renal or hematologic abnormalities.
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