ReviewFrontiers in pharmacology2025
Signal transduction, dimerization, and therapeutic targeting of Orexin and receptor systems.
Review in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed.
- The Neural Network of Orexin-A: Implications in Feeding Regulation and Obesity-Anxiety Comorbidity.Brain sciences · 2026Review
- Cellular signatures of melanocortin pathway genes across the locus coeruleus.Acta neuropathologica communications · 2026Article
- Biomarkers and Breakdowns: Neuroinflammatory Drivers Linking Sleep Disorders and Chronic Pain.Biomedicines · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Orexin receptors (OXRs), including OX1R (HCRTR1) and OX2R (HCRTR2), are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are activated by endogenous orexin peptides (OXA and OXB) and have potential pleiotropic effects in nervous system, which makes them highly valuable therapeutic targets. Emerging evidence indicates that OXRs exhibit a significant propensity to form homodimers and heterodimers with various GPCRs, generating biased signaling that may offer a platform for precision pharmacology and enable the design of pathway-specific drugs with fewer off-target effects. Current and emerging OXR antagonists demonstrate efficacy in sleep disorders, metabolic dysregulation, and psychiatric conditions. Furthermore, transmembrane (TM) peptides targeting specific dimer interfaces represent a novel therapeutic strategy. This review synthesizes current understanding of orexin receptor systems, focusing on the structural composition, signal transduction pathways, dimerization properties, and antagonist compounds of OXRs. We present a comprehensive overview of the current state of research, investigate the molecular pathological mechanisms associated with neurological disorders, and evaluate potential therapeutic targets for pharmaceutical development.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.