ArticleEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin2025
Extended influenza seasons in Australia and New Zealand in 2025 due to the emergence of influenza A(H3N2) subclade K viruses.
Article in Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 25 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed.
- Update and optimization of a multiplex RT-qPCR assay to overcome diagnostic failure in emerging influenza A(H3N2) subclades J.2 and K (Peru, 2024-2026).IJID regions · 2026Article
- Host cell entry and neutralisation sensitivity of H3N2 influenza A virus subclade K.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Assessment of human immunity to A/H3N2 influenza subclade K during 2025 emergence.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Seasonal vaccine-induced immunity shows preserved cross-reactivity to H3N2 subclade K in adults.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Influenza Activity and Estimated Vaccine Effectiveness During the 2025-2026 Influenza Season.JAMA network open · 2026Article
- Understanding H3N2 subclade K: a public health concern for the 2026 influenza season.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Influenza A(H3N2) Subclade K (J.2.4.1): Molecular Characterization, Antigenic Divergence, and Global Spread During the 2025/26 Season.Infectious disease reports · 2026Article
- Highly Atypical 2025 Influenza A Season in Brazil.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2026Article
- Human Influenza Virus Infection: A Focus on Key Host Determinants Linked to Clinical Disease Severity.Viruses · 2026Review
- Population immunity, post-vaccine and post-infection antibody responses to influenza A (H3N2) subclade J.2 and K (J.2.4.1) viruses, Hong Kong, 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- AMMI Canada seasonal influenza guideline update 2025-26: Some questions answered.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2026Article
- Seasonal vaccine-induced immunity shows preserved cross-reactivity to H3N2 subclade K in adults.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2026Article
- Emergence and antigenic characterisation of influenza A(H3N2) viruses with hemagglutinin substitutions N158K and K189R during the 2024/25 influenza season.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Editorial: Increased Respiratory Infections in the 2025-2026 Influenza Season and the (A)H3N2 Virus, a Past Cause of Pandemic Influenza.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Reduced neutralising antibody responses against emerging 2025/26 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 subclade D.3.1 and A(H3N2) subclade K viruses among healthcare workers, Finland, August to October 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Article
- Interim 2025/26 influenza vaccine effectiveness estimates with immuno-epidemiological considerations for A(H3N2) subclade K protection, Canada, January 2026.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Cross-sectional study on protective antibodies against influenza A virus subtypes and cross-protection against influenza A(H3N2) subclade K, Portugal, August 2025.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026Article
- Influenza Pandemics After COVID-19: Still a Credible Threat in a Broader Pandemic Landscape.Infectious diseases & clinical microbiology · 2026Article
- Epidemiology, Distinct Seasonal Dynamics, and Age-Specific Characteristics of Eight Respiratory Viruses in Thailand, 2025.Journal of tropical medicine · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
In Australia and New Zealand, late outbreaks of an A(H3N2) variant virus termed subclade K extended the 2025 influenza season. Subclade K viruses were genetically and antigenically distinct from the 2025 vaccine A(H3N2) strain A/Croatia/10136RV/2023 (H3N2)-like virus and previously circulating subclade J viruses. Subclade K viruses have since been detected in over 34 countries and appear to have spread globally, except in South America. It is thus likely that they will further expand during the northern hemisphere winter 2025/26 season.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.