Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41383110›Full record

ArticleMelanoma management2025

Assessing patient risk, benefit, and outcomes in drug development: a decade of vemurafenib clinical trials.

Taylor Gardner, Jacob Duncan, Griffin K Hughes, Ryan McIntire, Brooke Gardner, Andriana Peña, Chase Ladd, Kelsey Snider, Ryan Ottwell, Jordan Tuia and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Melanoma management, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Taylor GardnerOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Jacob DuncanOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Griffin K HughesOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Ryan McIntireOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Brooke GardnerOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Andriana PeñaOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Chase LaddOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Kelsey SniderOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.
Ryan OttwellAcademic Dermatology, Trinity Health, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
Jordan TuiaDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Alyson HaslamDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Vinay PrasadDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, The University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Matt VassarOffice of Medical Student Research, Oklahoma State University Center for Health Sciences, Tulsa, OK, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundVemurafenib (Zelboraf RESEARCH DESIGN AND

methodsThis study systematically reviewed clinical trials utilizing vemurafenib in adult malignancies, with responses assessed using RECIST or similar criteria. On May 25, 2023, we searched PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane CENTRAL, and ClinicalTrials.gov. Screening and data extraction were performed in a masked, duplicate fashion, collecting data on trial characteristics, adverse events, progression-free survival, overall survival, and objective response rates.

resultsVemurafenib was tested in 15 cancers beyond its FDA-approved indications. A 0% complete response rate was observed in colorectal cancer, non-small cell lung cancer, and papillary thyroid cancer. Adverse events were more frequent in non-melanoma cancers, with 5,205 grade 3-5 events reported, equating to two severe events for every three participants. Only metastatic melanoma consistently demonstrated efficacy, aligning with its FDA approval.

conclusionsAlthough vemurafenib showed efficacy in metastatic melanoma, off-label use resulted in limited benefit and increased adverse events. Unclear endpoints and underreported adverse events highlight the need for improved clinical trial design.

Indexed as

adverse eventsmetastatic melanomaoff-label indicationspatient safetyrepurposed drugsrisk assessmenttoxicity profilevemurafenib

Identifiers

PMID41383110
PMCPMC11875482

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.