Observational studyThe Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy2026
β-Lactam dosing in critically ill children: predictors for target non-attainment.
Observational study in The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Population pharmacokinetics of piperacillin/tazobactam in critically ill pediatric patients.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Simultaneous measurement of piperacillin, tazobactam and meropenem in patient samples using LC-MS/MS to support β-lactam therapeutic drug monitoring.Analytical methods : advancing methods and applications · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionβ-Lactam antibiotics are among the most frequently prescribed antibiotics on the paediatric ICU (PICU). For β-lactam antibiotics, unbound plasma concentrations above at least one to four times the MIC for 100% of the dosing interval (100% ƒT > 1-4×MIC) have been proposed as the pharmacodynamic target. This study aimed to determine target attainment of β-lactam antibiotics in PICUs and to identify predictors of target non-attainment. PATIENTS AND
methodsThis prospective observational study was performed in two PICUs in the Netherlands. We enrolled paediatric patients treated with the following β-lactam antibiotics: cefotaxime, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone, cefuroxime, flucloxacillin and meropenem. The free concentration above the bacterial epidemiological cut-off minimum inhibitory concentration (ƒT > MICECOFF and ƒT > 4×MICECOFF) was determined. Secondary endpoints were estimated regression models for examining the association of target non-attainment with patient characteristics and clinical outcomes.
resultsA total of 116 patients were included, of whom 27.6% achieved 100% ƒT > MICECOFF and 13.7% achieved 100% ƒT > 4×MICECOFF. Regression analysis identified an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 as a risk factor for target non-attainment. In addition, no significant association between the 100% ƒT > MICECOFF target attainment and ICU length of stay (LOS) was found. However, for both pharmacodynamic targets, a significant correlation was found between LOS and age in years.
conclusionsThis study found an eGFR ≥90 mL/min/1.73 m2 to be associated with target non-attainment, indicating that kidney function should be taken into account when identifying individuals who may require higher dosages. These results may help identify subpopulations of paediatric patients requiring higher dosages or continuous infusion in order to achieve adequate β-lactam exposure.
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