ArticleDiabetology & metabolic syndrome2025
The impact of metabolic control on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes and chronic multivessel coronary artery disease: a cohort study.
Article in Diabetology & metabolic syndrome, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroudThe long-term impact of metabolic control on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and stable coronary artery disease remains uncertain. While some studies suggest benefits from multifactorial interventions, data specifically evaluating sustained control of key metabolic parameters are limited.
methodsFrom 884 patients enrolled between 1995 and 2010, 718 were selected. Data were analyzed from July 2022 to July 2024. Patients were categorized into four groups based on the number of metabolic factors within target range (low-density lipoproteins (LDL-C) < 100 mg/dL, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) < 7.5%, triglycerides < 150 mg/dL). The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, and unplanned myocardial revascularization. Multivariate Cox regression models were calculated adjusting for confounders including age, sex, smoking, ejection fraction, number of diseased vessels, and initial coronary artery disease treatment.
resultsOf 718 patients (mean [SD] age, 61 [8] years; 254 female [35,3%]), followed during 8 (± 3.4) years, 199 (27.8%) had all 3 metabolic factors controlled, 260 (36.2%) had 2 factors controlled, 175 (24.3%) one factor controlled, and 84 (11.7%) no factor controlled. The group with all factors controlled was older and more frequently male. A dose-response association was observed, with progressively higher event rates as fewer metabolic factors were controlled. Patients with no controlled factors had nearly threefold the risk of events compared to those with all within target levels (HR 2.87, 95% CI 1.81-4.54, p < 0,01) in adjusted analysis.
conclusionsIn patients with stable coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, inadequate control of metabolic factors was associated with higher risk of cardiovascular events over long-term follow-up.
trial registrationRetrospectively registered.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.