ArticleBMC pediatrics2025
Effects of smartphone use duration on postural balance in adolescents with intellectual disabilities.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Performance, Biomechanical Demands, Injury Burden, and Health Surveillance in Wheelchair Court Sports and Selected Para Sport Cohorts: A Systematic Review.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundThis study investigates the impact of different smartphone use durations on postural balance in adolescents with moderate to mild intellectual disabilities.
methodsTwenty-two participants, aged 10 to 16 years, engaged in smartphone use sessions lasting 10, 20, and 40 min. Postural balance was assessed before, immediately after, 10 min after, and 30 min after each session under open eyes (OE) and closed eyes (CE) conditions on both firm and foam surfaces. Data were analyzed using repeated measures ANOVA to examine the effects of smartphone use duration, time, vision, and surface on postural balance.
resultsThe results revealed a significant decrease in postural balance immediately after 20 and 40 min of smartphone use compared to 10 min under OE conditions on firm and foam surfaces. Transitions from OE to CE were generally associated with decreased postural balance. However, exceptions were observed, particularly immediately after 20- and 40-min durations on the firm surface, and at the 20- and 40-min durations both immediately after and 10 min after on the foam surface.
conclusionSmartphone engagement over 20 min use disrupts postural balance in adolescents with moderate to mild intellectual disabilities. These findings highlight the importance of managing smartphone usage habits. Implementing guidelines on screen time limits, taking breaks, and adjusting posture may help mitigate immediate balance disturbances and support the overall well-being of this population.
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