ArticleBMC plant biology2025
Expansion of açaí fruit and heart-of-palm production promotes hybridization and introgression in Euterpe palms.
Article in BMC plant biology, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundPalms of the genus Euterpe have multiple uses and hold great ecological and socioeconomic importance. Euterpe edulis is a key species in the Atlantic Forest, providing food for many animal species. The açaí palms, E. oleracea and E. precatoria, are essential in traditional Amazonian food and medicine. However, increasing demand for açaí fruit and heart-of-palm has led to the expansion of E. oleracea plantations into both the Amazon and the Atlantic Forest, raising concerns about hybridization and introgression among species.
resultsUsing single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers, we found that putative Euterpe hybrids exhibit higher genomic diversity than their parental species. Population structure analyses revealed that these individuals occupy intermediate positions between species and form nearly exclusive genomic clusters. Evidence of introgression was also detected, particularly at E. oleracea introduction sites. Niche overlap analysis indicated that E. oleracea has high potential to expand into the niche of E. edulis, while maintaining niche stability with E. precatoria. Niche models further indicated broad environmental suitability for E. oleracea from the Atlantic Forest coast to the entire Amazon region.
conclusionsWe confirm the occurrence of hybridization and introgression among Euterpe species. The identification of hybridization zones between E. oleracea and E. edulis in the Atlantic Forest highlights the urgency of conservation strategies for E. edulis. In the Amazon, it is crucial to develop new cultivars with non-overlapping flowering and fruiting periods. Additionally, monitoring spontaneous occurrences is essential to prevent genetic contamination of natural populations.
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