Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41381633›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2025

Molecular characterization and fertilizer optimization in soybean to maximize productivity and minimize environmental impact.

Kamran Shehzad Bajwa, Sabahat Noor, Zaheer Abbas, Muhammad Rizwan Ali, Muhammad Umer Bin Muhammad Ishaq, Raja Sheraz Rafique, Zeeshan Abbas, Shagufta Perveen, Shaukat Ali

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Overexpression ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Article
  2. Effect of Deep Placement Fertilization on Soybean (Plants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Kamran Shehzad BajwaGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan. kamran7092@parc.gov.pk.
Sabahat NoorGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Zaheer AbbasGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Muhammad Rizwan AliGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Muhammad Umer Bin Muhammad IshaqGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Raja Sheraz RafiqueGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Zeeshan AbbasGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Shagufta PerveenGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.
Shaukat AliGene Transformation Lab, National Institute for Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology (NIGAB), National Agricultural Research Center, PARC, Islamabad, 45500, Pakistan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Climate change and deteriorating soil conditions have exacerbated water resource challenges, significantly limiting soybean yield. The molecular characterization and correlation analysis of germplasm elucidates its genetic potential, while productivity is contingent upon the essential macronutrients supplied in the form of NPK fertilizers. However, indiscriminate use of excessive NPK fertilizers, devoid of strategic optimization, compromises soil vitality and accelerates environmental damage. Under PEG-induced drought stress screening experiment, T2 showed slight reductions (5–45%) while T3 faced moderate losses (23–89%) and T4 displayed significant declines (43–90%) across all evaluated growth parameters such as SL, RL, FSW, FRW, DSW and DRW. SSR markers were employed to assess genetic diversity, with principal component analysis (PCA) accounting for up to 73.8% of the variation. The response surface statistical model predicts the optimal conditions, which include the application rates of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (65, 40, and 20 kg/ha), while maintaining soil moisture levels between 100 and 150 mm. In a validation experiment, eleven out of forty-eight soybean accessions demonstrated productivity improvements, specifically SPS45, PGRB58, GP40032, GP40067, and GP40136, in comparison to control plants. This study illustrated that integration of molecular characterization with fertilizer optimization enhances sustainable soybean cultivation by boosting nutrient-use efficiency, thereby reducing fertilizer losses, and the overall environmental impact.

Indexed as

FertilizersGlycine maxDroughtsEnvironmentGenetic VariationNitrogenPhosphorusPotassiumSoilFertilizersNitrogenPhosphorusPotassiumSoilClimateFertilizerMolecular characterizationOptimizationSoil

Identifiers

PMID41381633
PMCPMC12698676

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.