Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41381513›Full record

ArticleNature communications2025

High-resolution analysis of the human T-cell leukemia virus capsid protein reveals insights into immature particle morphology.

William G Arndt, Alireza Ramezani, Nathaniel Talledge, Guichuan Yu, Huixin Yang, Bo Chen, Juan R Perilla, Wei Zhang, Louis M Mansky

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Retroviruses use different IPNature communications · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

William G ArndtBiochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8409-3133
Alireza RamezaniDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0570-9935
Nathaniel TalledgeInstitute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Guichuan YuMinnesota Supercomputing Institute, Office of the Vice President for Research, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.
Huixin YangInstitute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0539-0477
Bo ChenDepartment of Physics, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5589-2075
Juan R PerillaDepartment of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1171-6816
Wei ZhangInstitute for Molecular Virology, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA. zhangwei@umn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9888-3889
Louis M ManskyBiochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics Graduate Program, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, MN, USA. mansky@umn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2391-1061

Funding

WORK ORDER 126643 B539 EXPAND IC SUITE75N91019D00024 · NIAID · LEIDOS BIOMEDICAL RESEARCH, INC. · PI BRISCOE, LYNN · 2019 to 2025
$3932.6M
Project 3. IntegrationU54AI170791 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH · PI ANGELA M. GRONENBORN · 2022 to 2026
$30.6M
Training in PharmacoNeuroImmune Substance Abuse ResearchT32DA007097 · NIDA · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA TWIN CITIES · PI MOLITOR, THOMAS WILLIAM · 1985 to 2021
$13.1M
Midwest Consortium for High Resolution Cryoelectron MicroscopyU24GM116789 · NIGMS · PURDUE UNIVERSITY · PI BULLITT, ESTHER, DAI, WEI · 2017 to 2021
$3.5M
Minnesota Training Program in VirologyT32AI083196 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI Louis M Mansky · 2010 to 2026
$3.2M
Determining the molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 maturationR01AI178846 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF DELAWARE · PI Juan Roberto Perilla Jimenez · 2023 to 2026
$2.3M
Deltaretrovirus Morphology and Particle AssemblyR01GM151775 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI JOACHIM D MUELLER, Louis M Mansky · 2024 to 2026
$1.7M
Imaging of HTLV-1 by cryo-CLEMR21DE032878 · NIDCR · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI MANSKY, LOUIS M. · 2023 to 2024
$595k
Molecular Determinants of Retroviral Capsid Morphology using a Novel Imaging ApproachF32AI150351 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI TALLEDGE, NATHANIEL LEE · 2020 to 2021
$141k
Structural characterization of the HIV-2 capsid latticeF31AI184673 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA · PI ARNDT, WILLIAM · 2024 to 2025
$93k
American Cancer Society (American Cancer Society, Inc.) PF-21-189-01-MPCNCI NIH HHS 75N91019D00024NIAID NIH HHS F31 AI184673NIAID NIH HHS F32 AI150351NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI178846NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI083196NIAID NIH HHS U54 AI170791NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA007097NIDCR NIH HHS R21 DE032878NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM151775NIGMS NIH HHS U24 GM116789U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) F32AI150351U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | National Institutes of Health (NIH) T32DA007097
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Infection with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) can result in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and HTLV-1 associated-myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. The Gag polyprotein - the major structural protein - is crucial for driving virus particle assembly, with the capsid (CA) domain as the key determinant for Gag multimerization. Here, we characterize the immature CA lattice from immature virus particles by using cryo-electron microscopy and tomography (cryo-EM/ET). We report resolving the immature CA lattice to 3.4 Å resolution by single particle analysis (SPA). Our reconstruction reveals that the lattice is stabilized through a trimeric NTD inter-hexamer interface and a dimeric CTD inter-hexamer interface. Further analysis by cryo-ET reveals clear heterogeneity, notably the varying lattice curvatures and the varying distances from the CA layer to the membrane. Intriguingly, inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) is dispensable for HTLV-1 immature particle assembly and proper immature lattice formation. These observations provide deeper insights into the molecular basis of HTLV-1 immature particle morphology as well as aid in revealing therapeutic targets.

Indexed as

Capsid ProteinsHuman T-lymphotropic virus 1VirionCapsidCryoelectron MicroscopyGene Products, gagHTLV-I InfectionsHumansPhytic AcidProtein MultimerizationVirus AssemblyCapsid ProteinsGene Products, gagPhytic Acid

Identifiers

PMID41381513
PMCPMC12800024

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.