ArticleNature communications2025
Prefrontal cortex temporally multiplexes slow and fast dynamics in value learning and memory.
Article in Nature communications, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Prefrontal cortex temporally multiplexes slow and fast dynamics in value learning and memory.Nature communications · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Balancing stability and flexibility is a fundamental challenge in value-based learning: how does the brain maintain long-term value memories while adapting to new environmental contingencies? To address this, we propose a reinforcement learning model composed of two distinct processes with fast and slow dynamics for updating and forgetting object values. Using a combined theoretical and experimental approach in male macaque monkeys, we validate a key behavioral prediction of this two-rate system-spontaneous recovery of prior value memories following value reversal. At the neural level, we show that single neurons in the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) temporally multiplex these dynamics, with distinct firing components reflecting fast and slow learning processes. Together, these findings suggest that reward learning and memory are supported by a two-rate system that enables both flexibility and stability, and identify the vlPFC as a critical neural substrate for this mechanism.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.