Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41379225›Full record

ArticleCadernos de saude publica2025

Avoidable hospitalizations for ambulatory care sensitive conditions in children under five years in Ecuador, 2000-2023.

Carolina Buñay-Morocho, Pablo Álvarez, Daniel Zurita, Miguel Martin, Philip Cooper, Natalia Romero-Sandoval, Monsermin Gualán

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Cadernos de saude publica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Carolina Buñay-MorochoUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0009-0007-8150-2633
Pablo ÁlvarezUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0009-0000-8670-994X
Daniel ZuritaUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0003-2743-4645
Miguel MartinUniversidad Autónoma de Barcelona, Bracelona, España.ORCID 0000-0001-6156-0739
Philip CooperUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0002-6770-6871
Natalia Romero-SandovalUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0001-6881-6581
Monsermin GualánUniversidad Internacional del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.ORCID 0000-0002-5989-3187

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Avoidable hospitalizations due to ambulatory care sensitive conditions (ACSC) are an indirect indicator of primary health care quality and effectiveness of care coordination. This study aims to analyze the proportion and trends of hospital discharges for ACSCs (2000-2023) among children under five years, project rates through 2026, and compare standardized rates across cantons. We conducted an ecologic time-series analysis using Ecuador's national hospital discharge data for 20 ACSCs, as defined by the Pan-American Health Organization. Annual percentage changes were estimated using Joinpoint regression, and forecasts were generated with the Prophet package in R. Standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs) were used to compare rates across 221 cantons, based on Ecuador's population from the 2001, 2010, and 2022 censuses. Between 2000 and 2023, ACSCs accounted for 26.6% of all hospital discharges. The overall average of annual percent change increased by 2%, and by 6.8%, 6.4%, and 4.2% for respiratory diseases, urinary and skin infections, respectively. Gastrointestinal diseases declined by 1.9% annually. Significant changes in ACSC trends were observed during the following periods: 2000-2007; 2018-2021; and 2021-2023. No significant change occurred from 2008 to 2018. Projections indicated that ACSCs may still represent 20.3% of hospital discharges by 2026. Moreover, 5.4% of cantons consistently exceeded expected SMRs across all three census years analyzed. The rising ACSC rates during the early 2000s, marked by economic structural adjustment and limited public healthcare investment, contrasts with the decline observed during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings underscore the need to strengthen primary care and public health planning.

Indexed as

Ambulatory CareHospitalizationChild, PreschoolCOVID-19EcuadorFemaleHumansInfantInfant, NewbornMalePatient DischargePrimary Health Care

Identifiers

PMID41379225
PMCPMC12688306

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.