Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41379085›Full record

ArticleThe Journal of experimental medicine2026

Fibroblast diversity within human gut-associated lymphoid tissues.

Urs M Mörbe, Fredrik V Junghus, Grigorii Nos, Peter B Jørgensen, Melissa J Ensmenger, Venla A Väänänen, Mads D Wewer, Gorm R Madsen, Lene B Riis, Henrik L Jakobsen and 4 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in The Journal of experimental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Urs M MörbeDepartment of Immunology & Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-8747-437X
Fredrik V Junghus *Department of Immunology & Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-8828-5375
Grigorii Nos *Section for Translational and Experimental Immunology, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-8066-7424
Peter B JørgensenSection for Translational and Experimental Immunology, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-5262-0074
Melissa J EnsmengerSection for Bioinformatics, Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.ORCID 0009-0002-5561-9815
Venla A VäänänenDepartment of Immunology & Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-6366-1610
Mads D WewerGastro Unit, Medical Section, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre , Hvidovre, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-9140-9706
Gorm R MadsenGastro Unit, Medical Section, Copenhagen University Hospital - Amager and Hvidovre , Hvidovre, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-5525-7338
Lene B RiisDepartment of Pathology, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-4669-3159
Henrik L JakobsenDepartment of Surgery, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0001-5611-6692
Lars R OlsenDepartment of Immunology & Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0002-6725-7850
Søren BrunakNovo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-0316-5866
Ole H NielsenDepartment of Gastroenterology, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Herlev, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-4612-8635
William W AgaceDepartment of Immunology & Microbiology, LEO Foundation Skin Immunology Research Center, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID 0000-0003-3823-5772

Funding

European Crohn's and Colitis OrganisationLeona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable TrustLouis-Hansen-FoundationLundbeck Foundation R155-2014-4184Novo Nordisk Foundation NNF22OC0071681
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT) represent major sites of adaptive immune priming in the intestine, yet our understanding of human GALT diversity and function remains limited. Here, we used single-cell RNA sequencing, flow cytometry, and confocal laser microscopy to map the fibroblast (FB) landscape of human GALT, including that of Peyer's patches (PP), mucosal isolated lymphoid follicles (M-ILF), and submucosal ILF (SM-ILF). We identify CD24 as a marker that distinguishes GALT from other intestinal FB and demonstrate that CD24+ FB consist of distinct subsets that locate within discrete niches. We show that the composition and transcriptional profile of M-ILF and SM-ILF FB differs with SM-ILF FB appearing more focused at providing T cell support. Finally, we find the transcription profile of PP T zone reticular cells to be altered in Crohn's disease and that cells with a GALT FB-like profile can be detected in other chronic inflammatory diseases. Collectively, our findings provide an important framework for understanding GALT diversity and function.

Indexed as

FibroblastsIntestinal MucosaLymphoid TissueCD24 AntigenCrohn DiseaseHumansPeyer's PatchesSingle-Cell AnalysisCD24 Antigen

Identifiers

PMID41379085
PMCPMC12697342

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.