ArticleJournal of thoracic disease2025
Risk factors and survival associated with lung cancer recurrence after curative-intent surgery: beyond TNM pathological staging.
Article in Journal of thoracic disease, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Cumulative high-risk surgical and pathologic features predict recurrence after resection of early-stage node-negative non-small cell lung cancer.JTCVS open · 2026Article
- Interpretable machine learning model integrating delta-radiomics enhances postoperative recurrence prediction in early-stage lung adenocarcinoma.Journal of thoracic disease · 2026Article
- Longitudinal Language-Model Reasoning Enables Automated Labeling of Lung Cancer Recurrence from Unstructured Clinical Records.Research square · 2026Article
- Rethinking pN1 Disease in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Anatomical Subclassification, Surgical Extent, and Survival Outcomes.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Machine Learning-Based Identification of Biomarkers for Early-Stage Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Gene Expression Analysis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Single-center experience in combined video-assisted thoracic surgery with transbronchial microwave ablation-a novel approach to multifocal lung nodules.Frontiers in surgery · 2026Article
- Externally validated explainable machine learning for postoperative recurrence prediction in early-stage NSCLC.Frontiers in oncology · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer recurrence following curative-intent surgery remains a challenge for multi-disciplinary care teams. Currently, tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) staging is the main determinant of long-term outcomes and candidacy for perioperative therapies. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors beyond TNM staging associated with lung cancer recurrence as well as overall survival following recurrence. Methods: A retrospective institutional database, designed for this cohort study, identified patients who underwent surgery for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and were found to be disease free in postoperative follow-up from 2004-2014. Patient characteristics, diagnostics, and operations were compared by recurrence of disease using chi squared and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests. Multivariable Cox proportional hazard models identified factors associated with disease recurrence and patient survival. Kaplan-Meier analysis was performed to compare 5-year overall survival rates in patients with and without disease recurrence. Results: There were 1,195 patients with NSCLC who underwent surgery with 394 (33%) developing recurrence during follow up. Five year recurrence rates by pathologic staging were as follows: stage Ia 29%, stage Ib 39%, stage IIa 47%, stage IIb 59%, and stage III 57%. Risk factors associated with recurrence included wedge resection [hazard ratio (HR) 1.36, P=0.03], lymphovascular invasion (LVI) (HR 1.55, P=0.01), and visceral pleural invasion (VPI) (HR 1.43, P=0.008). Higher standardized uptake value (SUV) from preoperative positron emission tomography (PET) scans were also associated with higher recurrence rates (P=0.004). Overall 5-year survival for patients without recurrence was 72.2% compared to 47.4% (P<0.001). Minimally invasive modalities during the initial operation were associated with increased survival in patients who developed recurrence (HR 0.56, P=0.001) whereas squamous histology (HR 1.46, P=0.04), bilobectomy (HR 3.26, P=0.002) and sleeve lobectomy (HR 9.15, P=0.049) were associated with worse survival. Conclusions: Approximately, one third of patients experience recurrence after complete surgical resection of NSCLC. Recurrence and site of recurrence directly impact long-term survival. Risk factors for recurrence include wedge resection, LVI, VPI, and SUVmax, which add additional information beyond TNM staging to help prognosticate and potentially improve patient selection for emerging perioperative therapies or clinical trials.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.