Anti-Predator Strategies in Fish with Contrasting Shoaling Preferences Across Different Contexts.

Zixi Lu, Wuxin Li, Jiuhong Zhang, Xinbin Duan, Shijian Fu

Abstract read

In one paragraph

Article in Animals : an open access journal from MDPI, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it

0cells of the map it votes in

0citing papers in PubMed

–field-weighted citation impact

1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Zixi LuLaboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.

Wuxin LiLaboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.ORCID 0009-0009-7789-5870

Jiuhong ZhangLaboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.

Xinbin DuanNational Agricultural Science Observing and Experimental Station of Chongqing, Fishes Conservation and Utilization in the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Wuhan 430223, China.

Shijian FuLaboratory of Evolutionary Physiology and Behavior, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Conservation and Utilization of Freshwater Fishes, Animal Biology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing 401331, China.ORCID 0000-0001-7665-9037

Funding

Central Public-interest Scientific Institution Basal Research Fund，CAFS NO.2023TD09National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFC3205903

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In freshwater fish, group behavior is ecologically critical for daily activities such as predator avoidance. However, species with varying shoaling preferences exhibit divergent behavioral responses under different environmental conditions. This study investigated the behavioral responses of three shoaling species (

Indexed as

anti-predator strategiesbehavioral plasticityenvironmental contextfreshwater fishrisk-reward trade-offsshoaling preferences

Identifiers

PMID41375505

DOI10.3390/ani15233447

PMCPMC12691060

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.