ArticleInfectious diseases and therapy2026
Estimating the Health and Economic Burden of Pneumococcal Diseases Attributable to PCV21 Versus PCV20 or PPSV23 Serotypes Among Adults in Norway.
Article in Infectious diseases and therapy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
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5 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionRoutine childhood immunization programs using pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) significantly reduce the burden of pneumococcal disease (PD). PCV21, a 21-valent PCV, was recently approved and recommended by the European Commission for use in Norway. The objective of this study was to quantify the health and economic burden of invasive PD (IPD) and non-bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia (NBPP) attributable to PCV21, PCV20, and PPSV23 serotypes among adults in Norway.
methodsA published Markov model was adapted to estimate lifetime IPD/NBPP cases, deaths, and direct medical costs (in 2023 Norwegian kroner [NOK]) associated with PCV21, PCV20, and PPSV23 serotypes in Norway. Results were disaggregated by age and risk groups. A one-way sensitivity analysis examined changes in disease costs (± 20%).
resultsThe projected number of PD cases and deaths attributable to PCV21 serotypes was substantially higher than those attributable to PCV20 and PPSV23 serotypes. PD cases and deaths attributable to PCV21 serotypes vs. PCV20 and PPSV23 were ~ 41% and ~ 26% higher, respectively, in adults aged 65+ years, ~ 39% and ~ 25% higher in those aged 50-64 years, and ~ 37% and ~ 22% higher in those aged 18-64 years with risk factors. Within each age group, cases and total lifetime costs increased progressively as risk categorization increased. Estimated lifetime direct treatment costs for PD attributable to PCV21 serotypes were higher than those associated with PCV20 or PPSV23, at 3.9 billion NOK, 3.5 billion NOK, and 4.4 billion NOK in adults aged 65+, 50-64, and 18-64 years with risk factors, respectively.
conclusionsCompared with PCV20 and PPSV23, PCV21 serotypes are associated with a higher health and economic burden in Norway. The inclusion of PCV21 into national vaccine recommendations in Norway can further alleviate the burden associated with PD in adults.
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