ArticleNPJ digital medicine2025
A Global meta-analysis of digital divide in psychiatric population from 2004 to 2023.
Article in NPJ digital medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Assessing the Effectiveness, Adherence and Attrition of Smartphone-Based Mental Health Interventions in University Students: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Early intervention in psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This meta-analysis identified forty-eight unique samples (total number of participants =10,324) which reported rates of smartphone ownership (SO), current, and daily internet usership (IU) among adults with psychiatric disorders between 2004 and 2023. SO increased from 32% in 2012-2013 to 77% in 2020-2021; current IU rose from 65% in 2010-2011 to 87% in 2018-2019; daily IU grew from 30% in 2010-2011 to 58% in 2016-2017. Compared to US national data, the gap has narrowed by 8.9% for SO since 2012 and 10% for current IU since 2010. Individuals who are older, male, less educated, unemployed, and with psychosis diagnosis were at-risk of various digital disengagement. At the macro-level, regional income inequality was also associated with IU. Although the usage and device gaps have been substantially narrowed, continued monitoring is needed to ensure sustained improvements. The highly heterogeneous studies highlighted the need of establishing standardized outcome metrics to enhance cross-study comparability.
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.