Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41371344›Full record

ArticleJournal of substance use and addiction treatment2026

Intersecting challenges: Substance use and mental health disparities across self-reported disability status.

Jessica Williams, Xiao Li, Hannah S Szlyk, Erin Kasson, Nathaniel A Dell, Alex Ramsey, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of substance use and addiction treatment, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Jessica WilliamsDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States. Electronic address: jcwilliams@wustl.edu.
Xiao LiDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Hannah S SzlykDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Erin KassonDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Nathaniel A DellDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Alex RamseyDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.
Patricia A Cavazos-RehgDepartment of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Box 8134, St. Louis, MO 63110, United States.

Funding

Transdisciplinary Training in Addictions ResearchT32DA015035 · NIDA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Leopoldo J Cabassa, Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg · 2002 to 2026
$5.3M
A digital intervention to decrease self-stigma among pregnant and postpartum women with opioid use disorderR44DA055161 · NIDA · RISSANA, LLC · PI Patricia A Cavazos-Rehg, Micah Goodman · 2022 to 2026
$2.0M
PRomoting Excellence through Pain and Addiction Research Enhancement (PREPARE)T90NR021683 · NINR · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI Burel R. Goodin · 2024 to 2026
$854k
mHealth to help pregnant and postpartum women in recovery for opioid use disorderR34DA050453 · NIDA · WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY · PI CAVAZOS-REHG, PATRICIA A · 2020 to 2022
$716k
NIDA NIH HHS R34 DA050453NIDA NIH HHS R44 DA055161NIDA NIH HHS T32 DA015035NINR NIH HHS T90 NR021683
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeSubstance use and substance use disorders (SUD) disproportionately affect people with disabilities (PWD), yet PWD remain under-represented in addiction treatment literature. While recent work has begun to address SUD prevalence and recovery service gaps, little is known about how disability status shapes substance use outcomes. The present study is the first to our knowledge to investigate how recovery, mental health comorbidities, and barriers to care differ across disability status using structured survey data from people who use substances.

methods333 participants who use substances and provided information about their disability status in the baseline survey for a digital intervention study were included in the analysis (Mean

resultsOf the participants, 34.2 % reported having a disability (n = 114). PWD were more likely to be of color, unemployed, insured, and older, compared to those without disabilities (n = 219; ps ≤0.001). Regression analyses indicated that PWD had significantly higher odds of using cannabis, alcohol, stimulants, and other drugs over past 30-day (aORs ranged 2.22-2.30). PWD also had higher odds of endorsing depression, anxiety, and lifetime suicide attempts (aORs ranged from 2.39 (anxiety) to 3.38 (depression)). Additionally, PWD perceived more barriers to substance use treatment (β: 0.55 (0.24)) and reported more overdoses (aOR (95 % CI): 2.60 (1.49, 4.54)) and prior recovery attempts (aOR: 2.69 (1.55, 4.68)), compared to those without disabilities.

conclusionsThis study is among the first to use quantitative survey data to assess and compare substance use and treatment engagement among PWD and their non-disabled peers. Findings underscore urgent equity gaps in SUD treatment systems and the importance of incorporating disability-informed frameworks in clinical assessments and recovery services. These insights complement recent qualitative findings and emphasize the need for inclusive, accessible, and person-centered care approaches in substance use health services and research.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHealth Status DisparitiesMental DisordersPersons with DisabilitiesSubstance-Related DisordersAdolescentAdultComorbidityFemaleHealth Services AccessibilityHumansMaleMiddle AgedSelf ReportYoung AdultAccessibility in mental health treatmentBarriers to careDisability statusPeople with disabilitiesSubstance useSubstance use disorderSubstance use treatment

Identifiers

PMID41371344
PMCPMC12795399

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.