ArticleRevista de saude publica2025
Spatio-temporal analysis of the double burden of malnutrition in children from the Brazilian semi-arid region.
Article in Revista de saude publica, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
objectiveTo analyze the temporal trend of the double burden of malnutrition in the Brazilian semi-arid and non-semi-arid regions, and to assess its spatial distribution in the Brazilian semi-arid region among children aged 5 to 9 years, between 2008 and 2022.
methodsEcological time-series study based on public reports, using macrodata of body mass index-for-age and height-for-age from the Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional (SISVAN - Brazilian Food and Nutritional Surveillance System). For temporal analysis of the prevalence of wasting, overweight, stunting, undernutrition, and the double burden of malnutrition in the semi-arid and non-semi-arid regions, Prais-Winsten regression models were used to estimate the annual percentage change (APC%) between 2008 and 2022. To evaluate spatial distribution in the Brazilian semi-arid region, maps showing the temporal evolution of the prevalence of overweight, undernutrition, and the double burden of malnutrition were constructed.
resultsBetween 2008 and 2022, 48.7 million children aged 5 to 9 years were registered in SISVAN-Web for body mass index-for-age and height-for-age indices. Approximately 28.1% of these lived in the Brazilian semi-arid region. The prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition in the semi-arid region exceeded 20%, with an increasing trend among children aged 7 to 9 years (APC = 0.61%; p < 0.05). Overweight showed a rising trend, while undernutrition decreased across all strata except among the Indigenous population, which remained stable (APC = -1.12%; p > 0.05). APCs in the semi-arid region were higher than in the non-semi-arid region.
conclusionThe study highlights a high prevalence of the double burden of malnutrition in the Brazilian semi-arid region, especially among children aged 7 to 9 years. Therefore, it is crucial to promote health actions and malnutrition prevention, strengthening existing policies and prioritizing the most vulnerable populations.
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