Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41370386›Full record

ArticleScience advances2025

Enhanced radiative cooling by large aerosol particles from wildfire-driven thunderstorms.

Yaowei Li, John A Dykema, David A Peterson, Xu Feng, Xiaoli Shen, Nicole A June, Michael D Fromm, Theodore M McHardy, Justin L Jacquot, Jasna V Pittman and 9 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Science advances, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

19 authors.

Yaowei LiSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-0725-6108
John A DykemaSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7611-6163
David A PetersonNaval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9027-3779
Xu FengSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8226-9403
Xiaoli ShenDepartment of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7174-024X
Nicole A JuneDepartment of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-9548-0507
Michael D FrommNaval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-0412-9202
Theodore M McHardyNaval Research Laboratory, Monterey, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5996-5320
Justin L JacquotDepartment of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8631-0805
Jasna V PittmanSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6939-7080
Bruce C DaubeSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-6839-2296
Steven C WofsySchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-3133-2089
Jonathan Dean-DayBay Area Environmental Research Institute, Moffett Field, CA, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-2621-5774
Anita D RappDepartment of the Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-5106-2760
Kenneth P BowmanDepartment of the Atmospheric Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2667-8632
Daniel J CziczoDepartment of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-1851-8740
Loretta J MickleySchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-7859-3470
Jeffrey R PierceDepartment of Atmospheric Science, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4241-838X
Frank N KeutschSchool of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1442-6200

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Large wildfires can generate pyrocumulonimbus (pyroCb) clouds, injecting massive quantities of smoke aerosols into the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UT/LS), where they persist for months and affect climate. The radiative effects of pyroCb aerosols, however, remain poorly understood because of limited direct measurements. Here, we present in situ aircraft measurements of 5-day-old pyroCb smoke, addressing a critical observational gap in aerosol evolution from freshly emitted to weeks-to-months-aged states. The sampled smoke primarily contained unusually large aerosol particles (500 to 600 nanometers in diameter), formed through cloud processing and efficient coagulation in the UT/LS. Compared to smaller particles in typical non-pyroCb smoke, these large particles increase outgoing radiation by 30 to 36%, substantially enhancing atmospheric radiative cooling. Climate models may greatly underestimate this cooling effect by assuming smaller aerosol sizes for pyroCb smoke. As pyroCb events become more frequent, accurately representing their aerosol properties is essential for improving climate projections.

Identifiers

PMID41370386
PMCPMC12694039

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.