Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41367661›Full record

ArticleERJ open research2025

Ciliated epithelial cell differentiation at air-liquid interface and respiratory syncytial virus infection using animal-free media and substrates.

Machaela Palor, Elizabeth K Haughey, Jenny Herbert, Christopher O'Callaghan, Rosalind L Smyth, Paolo De Coppi, Robert E Hynds, Claire M Smith

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in ERJ open research, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Machaela PalorInfection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4276-5346
Elizabeth K HaugheyInfection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9676-4763
Jenny HerbertSchool of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Christopher O'CallaghanInfection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Rosalind L SmythInfection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Paolo De CoppiInfection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.
Robert E HyndsEpithelial Cell Biology in ENT Research (EpiCENTR) Group, Great Ormond Street UCL Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2170-8791
Claire M SmithInfection, Immunity and Inflammation, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8913-0009

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Animal-derived components in cell culture, such as fetal bovine serum and extracellular matrix proteins, pose ethical concerns and contribute to variability in experimental outcomes. This study explores the use of animal-free cell culture media and substrates to support the growth and differentiation of primary human bronchial epithelial cells, as well as their infection by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Methods: We evaluated the performance of jellyfish collagen 0 and recombinant extracellular matrix proteins as alternatives to traditional mammalian substrates. Additionally, we assessed the use of animal-free medium and human serum (HS) in viral propagation using HEp2 cells. Results: The use of animal-free medium, matrix proteins and HS can support primary epithelial cell growth and differentiation with high levels of ciliation and barrier integrity. RSV propagation in animal-free medium produced an increase in viral titres, indicating the potential of these systems for antiviral research. Conclusion: Transitioning to include more animal-free medium and substrates for primary cell culture and viral propagation will help improve the ethical standing of research and offer more human-relevant models for studying viral diseases in the future.

Identifiers

PMID41367661
PMCPMC12683564

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.