ArticleTranslational pediatrics2025
Early predictive value of interleukin-6 and procalcitonin levels for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm infants.
Article in Translational pediatrics, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common chronic respiratory complication in preterm infants. With the advancement of medical technology, the survival rate of many preterm infants with low gestational age (GA) has increased year by year, accompanied by a rising incidence of BPD. Currently, the pathogenesis of BPD is not fully understood, and there are no specific treatment methods. It is particularly important to make early predictions and take preventive measures for BPD. This study aimed to evaluate the early predictive value of serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and procalcitonin (PCT) levels for BPD in preterm infants. Methods: In total, 114 preterm infants with GA <32 weeks were enrolled. Infants who met the diagnostic criteria for BPD were assigned to the BPD group (n=57), whereas those who did not meet the criteria formed the non-BPD group (n=57). The BPD group was further categorized based on severity: mild, moderate, and severe. General conditions, comorbidities, complications, treatment outcomes, and maternal data were compared between groups. Serum IL-6 and PCT levels were measured on days 1, 3, and 7 after birth. Multifactorial regression analysis was conducted to investigate postnatal risk factors, and a logistic regression model incorporating clinical factors and biomarkers was developed to predict BPD. Results: Among the 57 infants with BPD, 32, 22, and 3 had mild, moderate, and severe BPD, respectively. Invasive ventilation >7 days and late-onset sepsis (LOS) were significant risk factors for BPD (P<0.05). Serum IL-6 and PCT levels were significantly higher in the BPD group than in the non-BPD group on days 1 and 3 (P<0.05). The levels were also higher in the moderate/severe BPD groups than in the mild group (P<0.05). The area under the curve for IL-6 and PCT levels was higher on day 1 than on day 3. Moreover, the serum IL-6 levels were positively correlated with serum PCT levels in the BPD group on days 1 and 3. A BPD prediction model was constructed using four indicators (invasive ventilation >7 days, LOS, IL-6 and PCT on day 1), showing significant predictive value (P<0.05). Conclusions: The predictive model combining serum IL-6 and PCT levels with independent clinical risk factors could enable early BPD prediction.
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