Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41367440›Full record

ArticleCureus2025

Distinguishing Intraventricular Hemorrhage From Infectious Etiologies in Febrile Late Preterm Neonates: Case Studies in Antibiotic Stewardship.

Ashley Kapinos, Sabrina Rhoads, Panitan Yossuck, Vignesh Gunasekaran

Abstract readCase Reports
In one paragraph

Article in Cureus, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Ashley KapinosPediatrics, West Virginia School of Osteopathic Medicine, Lewisburg, USA.
Sabrina RhoadsNeonatology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Martinsburg, USA.
Panitan YossuckNeonatology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Martinsburg, USA.
Vignesh GunasekaranNeonatology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Martinsburg, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is a well-recognized complication in preterm infants, but its presentation as fever can be easily overlooked, leading to extensive sepsis workups and delayed diagnosis. This case report presents two late preterm infants who developed fever as the primary presenting symptom of IVH. Distinguishing IVH-related fever from that due to infectious causes can be challenging in this vulnerable population, where overuse of antimicrobials carries significant risks, including altered microbiome development, necrotizing enterocolitis, and antimicrobial resistance. Incorporating early diagnostic evaluation for IVH through cranial ultrasound in late preterm infants presenting with unexplained fever may avoid unnecessary tests and promote judicious antimicrobial use while improving overall neonatal outcomes.

Indexed as

antimicrobial stewardshipbloody csffeverintraventricular hemorrhagelate preterm neonate

Identifiers

PMID41367440
PMCPMC12685333

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.