ArticleMedicine2025
Blood urea nitrogen and bladder cancer: A Mendelian randomization study.
Article in Medicine, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The causal relationship between blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level and bladder cancer (BC) was analyzed by 2-sample Mendel randomization method, in order to provide help for the screening of high-risk groups of BC. Based on the summary data of whole genome association analysis, and Mendelian randomization (MR) is performed using inverse variance weighted (IVW), weighted median (WME), and MR Egger regression methods. IVW analysis is the main result, supplemented by WME and MR Egger regression results. Cochran Q statistics, MR Egger intercept term, MR-PRESSO test, leave 1 out method, and funnel plot are used for sensitivity analysis to ensure the robustness of the analysis results. A total of 178 single nucleotide polymorphisms strongly associated with BUN level were included. IVW analysis showed that there was a causal relationship between blood ureanitrogen and BC (OR = 1.0016, 95% CI: 1.0004-1.0027, P <.05). WME analysis results supported the above conclusions, but MR Egger regression analysis did not show a causal relationship between the 2. Cochran Q statistic P >.05, MR Egger intercept method (P = .63), MR-PRESSO test (P = .36), "leave one out" method, and funnel plot analysis all indicate that there is no heterogeneity or horizontal pleiotropy in the MR analysis of the 2 samples, and the analysis results are stable and reliable. There is a causal relationship between high BUN levels and BC, which provides reference for prevention and treatment of BC.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.