Trial reportDiabetologia2026
Empagliflozin improves beta cell function independently of relief of glucotoxicity in patients with type 2 diabetes: results from a randomised cross-over study with insulin as comparator.
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
aims/hypothesisSodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors improve beta cell function in individuals with type 2 diabetes. It has been suggested this is due to relief of glucotoxicity, but the mechanism is unknown. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the SGLT2 inhibitor empagliflozin, compared with NPH insulin treatment, on beta cell function, and, secondarily, on insulin sensitivity.
methodsIn this open-label, randomised, cross-over study, 17 individuals with non-insulin-treated type 2 diabetes were randomised to receive 5 weeks of treatment with either empagliflozin or insulin titrated to a similar level of glycaemic control as with empagliflozin before crossing over to the other treatment. Key inclusion criteria included age ≥18 years, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m
resultsAll participants who completed the study were included in the analyses. With equipoised glycaemic control, insulin concentrations were higher during insulin treatment than during empagliflozin treatment. bGS and insulin sensitivity were higher during empagliflozin treatment than during insulin treatment. The disposition index thus improved during empagliflozin treatment compared with insulin treatment. CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationWith similar glycaemic control, insulin sensitivity was higher and beta cell function improved during empagliflozin compared with insulin treatment, possibly due to a disinhibitory effect of lower insulin concentrations.
trial registrationEudraCT 2017-002101-35.
fundingThis study was supported by Boehringer Ingelheim. Additional funding was provided by the Grosserer L.F. Foghts Fond, Charlottenlund, Denmark.
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