Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41366162›Full record

ArticleArchives of sexual behavior2025

A Current Approach to Logistic Regression Analysis of Birth Order and Sexual Orientation.

Ray Blanchard, Jan Kabátek, Bozena Zdaniuk

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Archives of sexual behavior, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Ray BlanchardDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jan KabátekMelbourne Institute of Applied Economic and Social Research, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia. j.kabatek@unimelb.edu.au.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5947-7941
Bozena ZdaniukDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6786-1791

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Numerous statistical procedures have been developed to examine the statistical relations between quantifiable aspects of an individual's sibship and the likelihood of that individual manifesting a homosexual preference. Our purpose in this methodological paper is explaining how to use and how to interpret the multiple regression approach introduced by Ablaza et al. (2022), modified by Blanchard (2022), and reorganized by Zdaniuk et al. (2025)-hereafter, the ABZ model. First, we list the sibship variables of present interest (e.g., number of older brothers), summarize their previously observed associations with sexual orientation, and discuss the language and labels that we recommend for describing empirical results in this research area. We then explain, in concrete, practical terms, how to analyze these sibship variables using the ABZ method, and we present a model analysis using previously published data. Our subsequent sections, which go more deeply into the topic, include a discussion of the mathematical-statistical rationale behind the Ablaza et al. approach-more specifically, its foundation on the ceteris paribus condition of multiple regression in conjunction with a "subsetting" property of the relevant sibship data. Finally, we compare the performance of the ABZ model with an older, more frequently used logistic regression model, and we discuss the potential application of the ABZ model to outcomes other than homosexuality.

Indexed as

Birth OrderSexual BehaviorSiblingsFemaleHumansLogistic ModelsMaleBirth orderFamily sizeFertilityHomosexualityLogistic regressionSexual orientation

Identifiers

PMID41366162
PMCPMC12753531

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.